The paper asks three related questions in the context of Belgium, a small open economy: (1) What do firms' responses to demand shocks reveal about their cost structures? (2) What are the worker and …
PublishedReview of Economic StudiesOnline 23 Feb 2026Published Sep 2026
This paper addresses nonresponse bias in surveys — the distortion that arises when survey participants differ systematically from nonparticipants in ways that correlate with the survey's outcomes of …
Online FirstReview of Economic StudiesOnline 14 May 2026
This paper asks: when does two-stage least squares (TSLS) with covariates actually estimate a local average treatment effect (LATE) — a non-negatively weighted average of causal effects for compliers …