Published Journal of Monetary Economics Published Nov 2024Who bears the costs of inflation? Euro area households and the 2021-2023 shockFilippo Pallotti · Gonzalo Paz-Pardo · Jiri Slacalek · Oreste Tristani · Giovanni L. ViolanteThis paper measures the heterogeneous first-order welfare effects of the 2021-2023 inflation surge across households in the four largest euro area countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain). …