Forthcoming American Economic Journal: MacroeconomicsStrapped for Cash: The Role of Financial Constraints for Innovating Firms, Misallocation and Aggregate Productivity GrowthEsther Ann Bøler · Andreas Moxnes · Karen Helene Ulltveit-MoeFirms that invest heavily in intangible assets — patents, R&D, software — face a structural financing disadvantage: intangibles offer limited collateral value to banks, so intangible-intensive firms …